Controllably asymmetric beam splitting via gap-induced diffraction channel transition in dual-layer binary metagratings

In this work, we designed and studied a feasible dual-layer binary metagrating, which can realize controllable asymmetric transmission and beam splitting with nearly perfect performance. Owing to ingenious geometry configuration, only one meta-atom is required to design for the metagrating system. By simply controlling air gap between dual-layer metagratings, high-efficiency beam splitting can be well switched from asymmetric transmission to symmetric transmission. The working principle lies on gap-induced diffraction channel transition for incident waves from opposite directions. The asymmetric/symmetric transmission can work in a certain frequency band and a wide incident range. Compared with previous methods using acoustic metasurfaces, our approach has the advantages of simple design and tunable property and shows promise for applications in wavefront manipulation, noise control and one-way propagation.     

An improved evaluation of the neutron background in the PandaX-Ⅱ experiment

In dark matter direct detection experiments,neutron is a serious source of background,which can mimic the dark matter-nucleus scattering signals.In this paper,we present an improved evaluation of the neutron background in the PandaX-II dark matter experiment by a novel approach.Instead of fully relying on the Monte Carlo simulation,the overall neutron background is determined from the neutron-induced high energy signals in the data.In addition,the probability of producing a dark-matter-like background per neutron is evaluated with a complete Monte Carlo generator,where the correlated emission of neutron(s)andγ(s)in the(α,n)reactions and spontaneous fissions is taken into consideration.With this method,the neutron backgrounds in the Run 9(26-ton-day)and Run 10(28-ton-day)data sets of PandaX-II are estimated to be(0.66±0.24)and(0.47±0.25)events,respectively.     

Dynamics of partially obstructed breakup of bubbles in microfluidic Y‐junctions

For revealing the dynamics of partially obstructed breakup of bubbles in microfluidic Y‐junctions, the combination of dimensionless power‐law and geometric model was applied to study the effects of capillary number, bubble length, and channel angle on the bubble rupture process. In the squeezing process, the gas‐liquid interface curve follows the parabolic model. For the evolution of the bubble neck during breakup, the increase of the bubble length, the channel angle, and the capillary number leads to the decrease of the focus distance α. The chord m increases with the increase of the capillary number and the decrease of the bubble length, and it would reach the maximum value when the channel angle is 90°. In the fast pinch‐off stage during bubble breakup, the bubble's neck curve no longer conforms to the parabolic model so the focus and chord no longer exist. For the evolution of the bubble head during breakup, the value of γ approaches 1 with the increase of the capillary number and the bubble length, and with the close of the channel angle to 90°. It is found that the quadrilateral model can be applied for the partially obstructed rupture of bubbles in the symmetrical microfluidic Y‐junction.     

Influence of neodymium on mitochondrial metabolism: a thermokinetic perspective

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Nd compounds have been widely used for the promotion of growth of plant due to their excellent biophysical and biochemical properties. Mitochondria are...     

高岭石基复合材料在光催化领域应用的研究进展

环境污染和能源紧缺已成为当今社会亟须解决的重大问题。高岭石基复合材料光催化处理技术因绿色环保、经济安全、无二次污染而备受关注。鉴于高岭石在光催化领域的研究现状,本文介绍了高岭石的层状硅酸盐结构特征及其在光催化领域的应用优势,综述了高岭石基光催化材料的主要类型、基本特征、合成方法、改性过程、光催化特点及其应用进展与优势,最后,提出了高岭石基复合材料在光催化领域应用的重点研究方向。以期获得制备工艺简单、光催化性能优异、原料易获取且无环境污染的高岭石基光催化复合材料,从根本上解决环境污染问题,缓解能源紧缺危机。     

Ni单原子催化剂表面CO2电还原动力学的电化学谱学解析

针对Ni单原子催化剂表面的CO₂电还原反应(CO₂RR), 提出了以Ni为活性位点的“单中心”机理以及同时借助Ni位点还原和碳氮锚定位水解的“双功能”机理. 依据稳态极化的实验结果, 开展了CO₂RR的动力学解析与模型参数的敏感性分析; 借助暂态模型方程, 分别获取可表达CO₂RR线性与非线性频响特征的电化学阻抗谱(EIS)与总谐波失真(THD)谱. 研究结果表明, CO₂的溶解分压对CO₂RR活性影响最显著. 若CO₂RR遵循“单中心”机理, Ni位点COOH_ads的形成为速率控制步骤; 但若为“双功能”机理, 碳氮锚定位的水解与Ni位点的CO_2,ads还原同为速率控制步骤. EIS理论上可用于区分CO₂RR的“单中心”机理与“双功能”机理; 与之相比, THD谱在CO₂RR的机理识别中并无优势.     

(NH4)Bi2(IO3)2F5: An Unusual Ammonium-Containing Metal Iodate Fluoride Showing Strong Second Harmonic Generation Response and Thermochromic Behavior

An ammonium-containing metal iodate fluoride compound, (NH₄)Bi₂(IO₃)₂F₅, featuring a two-dimensional double-layered framework constructed by [BiO₂F₅]⁶⁻ and [BiO₄F₄]⁹⁻ polyhedra, as well as [IO₃]⁻ groups, was successfully synthesized. The well-ordered alignment of these SHG-active units leads to an extraordinary strong SHG response of 9.2 times that of KDP. Moreover, this compound possesses a large birefringence (Δn=0.0690 at 589.3 nm), a wide energy band gap (E_g=3.88 eV), and a high laser damage threshold (LDT; 40.2×AgGaS₂). In particular, thermochromic behavior was observed for the first time in this type of compound. Such multifunctional crystals will expand the application of nonlinear optical materials.     

ZrO2预处理方式对ZrO2/SAPO-34复合催化剂物化性质及MTO催化性能的影响

采用水热包覆法制备了ZrO2/SAPO-34复合催化剂,研究了ZrO2预处理方式对复合催化剂物化性质和MTO催化性能的影响.采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM、NH3-TPD和BET等手段对不同复合催化剂的晶相组成、骨架结构、微观形貌、表面酸性质及孔结构进行分析表征.结果表明,ZrO2预处理方式对复合催化剂物化性质和MTO催化性能影响较大.未焙烧和焙烧经聚电解质改性ZrO2制得复合催化剂未形成连续复合相,比表面积小,表现出较短的催化寿命,仅为410 min和530 min;450℃焙烧ZrO2制得复合催化剂形成了均匀连续复合相和层级结构孔特征(微孔比表面积112.91 m2· g-1,介孔比表面积176.02 m2· g-1,总比表面积为288.93 m2· g-1,总孔容0.19 cm3· g-1),总酸量较大(0.344 mmol/g);在常压、反应温度380 ℃、N2流速20 mL· min-1、进料空速2 h-1MTO反应条件下,复合催化剂表现出优越催化性能、稳定性及反应寿命,甲醇转化率和低碳烯烃选择性分别达100;和90.54;,催化寿命达1130 min,与单一SAPO-34分子筛相比,催化寿命延长了768 min.     

大处着眼，小处入手——基金委化学科学部2019年基金项目会议评审工作的几点尝试和思考

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) is a vital government agency supporting basic research and people to create knowledge and meet major national needs, where a rigorous and objective merit-based peer review mechanism is the key to funding the most promising research proposals. This invited comment overviews some recent attempts aimed at bettering the academic evaluation environment at the Department of Chemical Science in 2019, through measures such as grouped panel committee meetings, standardized panel committee meeting procedures, and review process refinement to improve the project review at panel committee meeting levels.